With a long history and deep connection to the Earth's resources, indigenous peoples have an intimate understanding and ability to observe the impacts linked to climate change. Traditional ecological knowledge and tribal experience play a key role in developing future scientific solutions for adaptation to the impacts. The book explores climate-related issues for indigenous communities in the United States, including loss of traditional knowledge, forests and ecosystems, food security and traditional foods, as well as water, Arctic sea ice loss, permafrost thaw and relocation. The book also highlights how tribal communities and programs are responding to the changing environments. Fifty authors from tribal communities, academia, government agencies and NGOs contributed to the book. Previously published in Climatic Change, Volume 120, Issue 3, 2013.

Human rights activists frequently claim that human rights are indivisible, and the United Nations has declared the indivisibility, interdependency, and interrelatedness of these rights to be beyond dispute. Yet in practice a significant divide remains between the two grand categories of human rights: civil and political rights, on the one hand, and economic, social, and cultural rights on the other. To date, few scholars have critically examined how the notion of indivisibility has shaped the complex relationship between these two sets of rights. In Indivisible Human Rights, Daniel J. Whelan offers a carefully crafted account of the rhetoric of indivisibility. Whelan traces the political and historical development of the concept, which originated in the contentious debates surrounding the translation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights into binding treaty law as two separate Covenants on Human Rights. In the 1960s and 1970s, Whelan demonstrates, postcolonial states employed a revisionist rhetoric of indivisibility to elevate economic and social rights over civil and political rights, eventually resulting in the declaration of a right to development. By the 1990s, the rhetoric of indivisibility had shifted to emphasize restoration of the fundamental unity of human rights and reaffirm the obligation of states to uphold both major human rights categories--thus opening the door to charges of violations resulting from underdevelopment and poverty. As Indivisible Human Rights illustrates, the rhetoric of indivisibility has frequently been used to further political ends that have little to do with promoting the rights of the individual. Drawing on scores of original documents, many of them long forgotten, Whelan lets the players in this drama speak for themselves, revealing the conflicts and compromises behind a half century of human rights discourse. Indivisible Human Rights will be welcomed by scholars and practitioners seeking a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding the realization of human rights.

Kanikonriio: power of a good mind / Jake Swamp -- Iroquoian condolence practised on a civic scale / William Woodworth -- Finding our way despite modernity / Gkisedtanamoogk -- The UN declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples: partnerships to advance human rights / Craig Benjamin, Jennifer Preston, and Marie Léger -- Grassy narrows: advocate for mother Earth and its inhabitants / Judy Da Silva -- Contradictions of Canadian colonialism: non-native responses to the six nations reclamation at Caledonia / Tom Keefer -- Winning fishing rights: the successes and challenges of building grassroots relations between the Chippewas of Nawash and their allies / Rick Wallace, Marilyn Struthers, and Rick Cober Bauman -- Picking up the wampum belt as an act of protest / Paula Sherman -- Towards a shared vision: lessons learned from collaboration between first nations and environmental organizations to protect the Great Bear Rainforest and coastal first nations / Merran Smith and Art Sterritt -- Reconciliation in cyberspace? Lessons from turning point: native peoples and newcomers on-line / Victoria Freeman -- Decolonizing art, education, and research in the VIVA Project / Laura Reinsborough and Deborah Barndt -- The Nakwatsvewat Institute, Inc: helping Hopi justice work for Hopi people / Justin B. Richland and Patricia Sekaquaptewa -- 'To lead and to serve': American Indian studies in Virginia / Samuel R. Cook and Karenne Wood.
A glocality in the making: learning from the experience of resistance of the Secwepemc Watershed committee against Sun Peaks Resort, British Columbia / Thierry Drapeau -- Beyond recognition and coexistence: living together / Lily Pol Neveu -- Indigenous solidarity in an anti-racism framework? A case study of the National Secretariat Against Hate and Racism in Canada (NSAHRC) / Beenash Jafri -- What new relationship? Taking responsiblity for justice and sustainability in British Columbia / Caitlyn Vernon -- Re-envisioning collaborative conservation through indigenous knowledges in Guyana / Tanya Chung Tiam Fook-- From adversaries to allies: forging respectful alliances between indigenous and settler peoples / Adam Baker -- The spirit of relationships: what we have learned about indigenous-non-indigenous alliances and coalitions / Lynne Davis and Heather Yanique Shpuniarsky -- Are white people obsolete? Indigenous knowledge and the colonizing ally in Canada / Kevin Fitzmaurice -- Reflections on the politics of neighbourliness in Aboriginal-white alliance-building from the fishing wars of 1995 / Marilyn Struthers -- The history of a friendship, or some thoughts on becoming allies / Dorothy Christian and Victoria Freeman -- Cross-cultural collaborations: friend or foe? An arts interactive: empowering the individual within the home community and among diverse cultures / Daystar/Rosalie Jones and Ned Bobkoff.
"When Indigenous and non-Indigenous activists work together, what are the ends that they seek, and how do they negotiate their relationships while pursuing social change? Alliances brings together Indigenous and non-Indigenous leaders, activists, and scholars in order to examine their experiences of alliance-building for Indigenous rights and self-determination and for social and environmental justice.
The contributors, both Indigenous and non-Indigenous, come from diverse backgrounds as community activists and academics. They write from the front lines of struggle, from spaces of reflection rooted in past experiences, and from scholarly perspectives that use emerging theories to understand contemporary instances of alliance. Some contributors reflect on methods of mental decolonization while others use Indigenous concepts of respectful relationships in order to analyze present-day interactions. Most importantly, Alliances delves into the complex political and personal relationships inherent in both Indigenous and non-Indigenous struggles for social justice to provide insights into the tensions and possibilities of Indigenous-non-Indigenous alliance and coalition-building in the early twenty-first century."--Publisher's description.

In the dawn of November 29, 1864, a Colorado militia unit attacked a peaceful encampment of Cheyennes by Sand Creek in southeast Colorado Territory and murdered almost two hundred men, women, and children. In The Massacre at Sand Creek, Bruce Cutler retells, in a powerful narrative, the events surrounding this atrocity. We hear the voices of the white participants, such as Colonel John Chivington, who planned and led the surprise attack, and Captain Silas Soule, the only officer who refused to attack. We are also given the voices of the Cheyennes - voices that historical documents do not record - with particular focus on Black Kettle, the chief who trusted the promise of protection he had received from white officers and who waved the white flag of peace even as the attacking army approached.

This book investigates nationalisms and the emergence of national identities among the Indigenous peoples across North America. It examines the many difficulties which the Native communities have had to face in order to assert themselves as nations, as well as looking at the ambiguity of the term 'nation' within First Nations-government relations. The volume gives a broad perspective on the historical development of Native American nationalism and also explores a variety of political, educational, sociological, cultural and even literary viewpoints. The experiences of the Indigenous peoples are compared with the experiences of other Aboriginal groups across the globe, in order to enrich our understanding of global indigenous nationalisms. The contributors to this volume represent the perspectives of a variety of different First Nations and a wide range of disciplinary fields, from history, anthropology and political science to communications, law, linguistics and literary studies.

Leading experts in the analysis of ethnicity and indigenous rights explore the questions of why and how the circumstances of indigenous peoples are improving in some places of the world, while their human rights continue to be abused in others. Drawing on case studies from Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas, chapters explore how political organization, natural resource management, economic development, and conflicting definitions over cultural, linguistic, religious, and territorial identity have informed indigenous strategies for empowerment. Combining rich ethnographic descriptions with clear theoretical analyses, At the Risk of Being Heard considers the paradoxical challenges and opportunities confronting indigenous peoples at the dawn of the twenty-first century. In the face of state-sanctioned violence, indigenous peoples encounter considerable risks when asserting their rights, especially to self-determination. Yet, if they remain silent or absent from new arenas of power, hiding in marginalized homelands or cultural practices, they risk being invisible to those allies that would aid them in their struggles for survival. At the Risk of Being Heard offers needed insights for individuals working on issues of governance, sustainable development, resource management, globalization, and indigenous affairs. It will undoubtedly appeal to undergraduate and graduate students in anthropology, sociology, history, political science, peace studies, and to those students in courses that explore relationships among postcolonial states, indigenous peoples, and human rights. Bartholomew Dean is Assistant Professor of Anthropology, University of Kansas. Jerome M. Levi is Associate Professor of Anthropology, Carleton College.

This interdisciplinary collection addresses the position of minorities in democratic societies, with a particular focus on minority rights and recognition. For the first time, it brings together leading international authorities on ethnicity, nationalism and minority rights from both social and political theory, with the specific aim of fostering further debate between the disciplines. In their introduction, the editors explore the ways in which politics and sociology can complement each other in unravelling the many contradictory aspects of complex phenomena. Topics addressed include the constructed nature of ethnicity, its relation to class and to 'new racism', different forms of nationalism, self determination and indigenous politics, the politics of recognition versus the politics of redistribution, and the re-emergence of cosmopolitanism. This book is essential reading for all those involved in the study of ethnicity, nationalism and minority rights.

Liberal theories have long insisted that cultural diversity in democratic societies can be accommodated through classical liberal tools, in particular through individual rights, and they have often rejected the claims of cultural minorities for group rights as illiberal. Group Rights as Human Rights argues that such a rejection is misguided. Based on a thorough analysis of the concept of group rights, it proposes to overcome the dominant dichotomy between "individual" human rights and "collective" group rights by recognizing that group rights also serve individual interests. It also challenges the claim that group rights, so understood, conflict with the liberal principle of neutrality; on the contrary, these rights help realize the neutrality ideal as they counter cultural biases that exist in Western states. Group rights deserve to be classified as human rights because they respond to fundamental, and morally important, human interests. Reading the theories of Will Kymlicka and Charles Taylor as complementary rather than opposed, Group Rights as Human Rights sees group rights as anchored both in the value of cultural belonging for the development of individual autonomy and in each person's need for a recognition of her identity. This double foundation has important consequences for the scope of group rights: it highlights their potential not only in dealing with national minorities but also with immigrant groups; and it allows to determine how far such rights should also benefit illiberal groups. Participation, not intervention, should here be the guiding principle if group rights are to realize the liberal promise.

Racism Against Indigenous Peoples documents and analyzes the many forms of racism that indigenous peoples all over the world are still facing at the beginning of the new millennium. Although many national constitutions prohibit racial discrimination, indigenous peoples are facing pervasive racial discrimination in their daily lives, which has far-reaching consequences for their well-being and human rights situation. The various chapters in the book, covering all the regions of the world, analyze the existence of racism and racial discrimination against indigenous peoples under national laws and policies as well as the concrete forms of racism that the indigenous peoples face in their daily lives. The book discusses the Aborigenes in Australia, the Saami in the Nordic countries, the indigenous peoples in both North and South America, the vast number of indigenous peoples, and ethnic minorities in Asia, the Pygmies in Central Africa and the indigeous peoples in the Pacific. The Concluding Observations of the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination, dealing with racism against indigenous peoples in all continents of the world, are discussed throughout the book, giving evidence to the grave situation of racial discrimination against indigenous peoples. It is a major responsibility of the international community to address the extreme racial discrimination and marginalization faced by indigenous peoples the world over and to safeguard their human rights. The book was published in connection with the UN World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance held in South Africa, 2001. It contains a wealth ofthoroughly researched information, which will be valuable in the much-needed follow-up work to the World Conference.

There is still much to be done to close the gap between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders and the rest of the population in terms of social and economic development, culture, land, education, health, justice and human rights. This book looks at the progress of key rights issues confronting Australia's indigenous peoples, including historical civil rights milestones; land rights and native title; Reconciliation and the apology to the Stolen Generations; indigenous governance and self-determination; and constitutional recognition. Indigenous Rights also examines the government policy affecting Aboriginal Australians.

"International indigenism" may sound like a contradiction in terms, but it is indeed a global phenomenon and a growing form of activism. In his fluent and accessible narrative, Ronald Niezen examines the ways the relatively recent emergence of an internationally recognized identity--"indigenous peoples"--intersects with another relatively recent international movement--the development of universal human rights laws and principles. This movement makes use of human rights instruments and the international organizations of states to resist the political, cultural, and economic incursions of individual states. The concept "indigenous peoples" gained currency in the social reform efforts of the International Labor Organization in the 1950s, was taken up by indigenous nongovernmental organizations, and is now fully integrated into human rights initiatives and international organizations. Those who today call themselves indigenous peoples share significant similarities in their colonial and postcolonial experiences, such as loss of land and subsistence, abrogation of treaties, and the imposition of psychologically and socially destructive assimilation policies. Niezen shows how, from a new position of legitimacy and influence, they are striving for greater recognition of collective rights, in particular their rights to self-determination in international law. These efforts are influencing local politics in turn and encouraging more ambitious goals of autonomy in indigenous communities worldwide.

Morgan describes, analyses, and evaluates the efforts of the global indigenous movement to engender changes in UN discourse and international law on indigenous peoples' rights and to bring about certain institutional developments reflective of a heightened international concern. By the same token, focusing on the interaction of the global indigenous movement with the UN system, this book examines the reverse influence, that is, the ways in which interacting with the UN system has influenced the claims, tactical repertoires, and organizational structures of the movement.

Dilemmas of Modernity provides an innovative approach to the study of contemporary Bolivia, moving telescopically between social, political, legal, and discursive analyses, and drawing from a range of disciplinary traditions. Based on a decade of research, it offers an account of local encounters with law and liberalism. Mark Goodale presents, through a series of finely grained readings, a window into the lives of people in rural areas of Latin America who are playing a crucial role in the emergence of postcolonial states. The book contends that the contemporary Bolivian experience is best understood by examining historical patterns of intention as they emerge from everyday practices. It provides a compelling case study of the appropriation and reconstruction of transnational law at the local level, and gives key insights into this important South American country.

In 2008, Canada established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to mend the deep rifts between Aboriginal peoples and the settler society that created Canada's notorious residential school system. Unsettling the Settler Within argues that non-Aboriginal Canadians must undergo their own process of decolonization in order to truly participate in the transformative possibilities of reconciliation. Settlers must relinquish the persistent myth of themselves as peacemakers and acknowledge the destructive legacy of a society that has stubbornly ignored and devalued Indigenous experience. A compassionate call to action, this powerful book offers a new and hopeful path toward healing the wounds of the past.

The intersections between culture and human rights have engaged some of the most heated and controversial debates across international law and theory. As understandings of culture have evolved in recent decades to encompass culture as ways of life, there has been a shift in emphasis fromnational cultures to cultural diversity within and across states. This has entailed a push to more fully articulate cultural rights within human rights law.This volume analyses a range of responses by international law, and particularly human rights law, to some of the thorniest, perennial, and sometimes violent confrontations fuelled by culture in relations between individuals, groups and the state in international society. Across the different issuestackled, the contributions are tied by one unifying thread - that culture is understood, protected and promoted not only for its physical manifestations. Rather, it is the relationship of culture to people, individually or in groups, and the diversity of these relationships which is being protectedand promoted; hence, the fundamental overlap between culture and human rights.

"Distributed by the University of Nebraska Press for Caxton Press" The seven years from 1853 to 1859 are probably more important to the Pacific Northwest than any period of its recorded history. It was in the 1850s that officials began carving the Oregon Territory into the states. It was the period when most Indian tribes signed treaties that were supposed to protect their future. It was also when the natives of the region learned that no matter what the treaties promised, they would have little control over their destiny. So they fought a hopeless battle to preserve their way of life. Both settlers and natives believed they were GodOCOs chosen people. With hindsight, we can see with clarity the injustices done. But neither side can claim purity of action. Atrocities were committed by both. For almost every major tribe of the Northwest, the 1850s marked the end of their way of life. This is the story of how cultures clashed. This is the story of one corner of our country, and how its history shapes its course today.a

As far back as colonial times, Native individuals and communities have fought alongside European and American soldiers against common enemies. Medicine Bags and Dog Tags is the story of these Native men and women whose military service has defended ancient homelands, perpetuated longstanding warrior traditions, and promoted tribal survival and sovereignty. nbsp; Drawing on a rich array of archival records and oral traditions, Al Carroll offers the most complete account of Native veterans to date and is the first to take an international approach, drawing comparisons with Native veteran traditions in Canada and Mexico. He debunks the “natural warrior” stereotype as well as the popular assumption that Natives join the military as a refuge against extreme poverty and as a form of assimilation. The reasons for enlistment, he argues, though varied and complex, are invariably connected to the relative strengths of tribal warrior traditions within communities. Carroll provides a fascinating look at how the culture and training of the American military influenced the makeup and tactics of the American Indian Movement in the 1960s and 1970s and how, in turn, Natives have influenced U.S. military tactics, symbolism, and basic training.

Only two years after CoronadoOCOs expedition to what is now New Mexico, Spanish officials conducted an inquiry into the effects of the expedition on the native people Coronado encountered. The documents that record that investigation are at the heart of this book.